CZT Semiconductor Detector Solution

What is a CZT semiconductor detector

CZT stands for cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe), a compound semiconductor that detects X-rays and gamma rays at room temperature. Conventional detectors use a scintillator to convert radiation into visible light and then a photomultiplier or photodiode to read it. CZT converts radiation directly into charge, removing the light-conversion step, which makes the detector smaller, more energy-resolving and able to work at lower dose.

Why it is called the fourth generation

Generation	Technology	Form	Limitation
First	Gas detectors (ion chamber, proportional counter)	Bulky, high voltage	Low efficiency, poor for imaging
Second	Scintillator + photomultiplier	Heavy, shock sensitive	Large, high power
Third	Scintillator + photodiode	Compact, array capable	Limited energy resolution
Fourth	Semiconductor (CZT)	Thumb-sized module	Large crystals remain costly

Advantages

Room temperature: no liquid nitrogen, so the device can be very small
Energy resolution: separates energy bands, enabling multi-energy colour imaging
Low dose: lower dose for the same signal-to-noise ratio
Compact: core modules around 29 × 25 × 3 mm, small enough for watches and phones
Fast response: dose-rate changes are reflected within seconds

Detector module lineup

Model	Use	Dose rate range	Energy range	Size
DR-02B	General dose monitoring	0.1 μSv/h – 10 mSv/h	30 keV – 3 MeV	29.16 × 25 × 3.06 mm
DR-04A	Alpha / radon monitoring	—	Alpha particles	29 × 28 × 2.3 mm
DR-05A/B	Energy-compensated dose	0.1 μSv/h – 100 mSv/h	30 keV – 3 MeV	27.56 × 25 × 3 mm
GZHY-SM-01A	General module	0.01 μSv/h – 20 mSv/h	30 keV – 3 MeV	37.96 × 17.10 × 3.50 mm
GZHY-CSPre-01A	Charge-sensitive preamplifier	—	CZT and Si detectors	28 × 16 × 6.6 mm

Modules run from 3.3–5 V DC and communicate over industrial serial UART, connecting through an FPC cable for easy integration.

Complete device options

Personal dosimeters: pen and card formats with continuous monitoring and vibration, light and pop-up alarms
Area and portal monitoring: pedestrian and vehicle radiation portals for borders, scrap yards and nuclear medicine sites
Medical and nuclear imaging: CZT spectroscopy supports gamma cameras and bone densitometry

Typical applications

Security and borders: operator dose monitoring for X-ray systems
Industrial NDT: personal dosimetry and area alarms for field radiography
Nuclear medicine: cumulative dose management for department staff
Environment: radon and alpha surface contamination monitoring
Consumer electronics: radiation monitoring integrated into wearables

CZT versus scintillator

Item	CZT	Scintillator + photodiode
Energy resolution	Good; spectroscopy and multi-energy imaging	Moderate; counting and dose only
Size	Small, fits wearables	Larger
Cost	Higher for large crystals	Lower for large arrays
Best fit	Spectroscopy, dosimetry, portables	Large-area imaging on a budget

Supply and integration

FjXray works with NPU (Photonuclear Detector) to supply these CZT modules and complete devices, including custom development and algorithm support. When selecting a model, tell us what you measure (X-ray, gamma or alpha), the dose-rate range and the available space.

Request a solution

Send us the application, measurement range and device format, and we will propose the module and integration approach.

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